TeXes Science Practice Test

What was the main contribution of Virchow to cellular biology?

1. Discovery of the cell structure

2. Theory of spontaneous generation

3. Cell theory about cell division

4. First observation of bacteria

The correct answer is: Cell theory about cell division

Virchow's main contribution to cellular biology was the development of the cell theory related to cell division, encapsulated in the famous phrase "Omnis cellula e cellula," which means "every cell originates from another cell." This idea established the basis for understanding that cells arise from pre-existing cells, which fundamentally shifted the understanding of biological processes. By emphasizing that all cells come from other cells, Virchow reinforced the concept that cells are the essential units of life, contributing significantly to the foundation of modern biology and medicine. This understanding helped to challenge earlier notions such as spontaneous generation, which proposed that living organisms could arise from non-living matter. Consequently, while earlier scientists may have focused on the discovery of different structures or organisms, Virchow’s contribution specifically clarified the process of how cells divide and propagate, which is crucial in cellular biology and pathophysiology. His work laid the groundwork for future research into how cells function and interact, which is central to biological sciences today.